Building record 1362100000 - Milestone on A40

Eighteenth or nineteenth century milestone on A40 on London Road at Kings Mead High Wycombe by Halfway House PH. Recorded as present in 2002 on updated Milestones Society survey website on Uxbridge to Stokenchurch route National ID number BU_LW27. On south side of road, 42cm wide, 38cm deep, 105cm high. Inscription: top: Pe : left: Oxford 27 Wycombe 2 : front: London 27 Uxbridge 12 : right: 'XXV LONDON 1744'. [Detailed description, location and photograph] (B1).
Grade II. Stone milestone, four-sided with shallow curved top. DESCRIPTION: This milestone is located just outside the boundary of the Halfway House public house on London Road (A40). lt is inscribed on the west facing side: 'XXXV, London, 1744'. The front facing (north) side is inscribed: 'London 27, Uxbridge 12'. The east facing side is inscribed: 'Oxford 27, Wycombe 2' - in a slightly different style to the other faces and may be a later recarving of the original stone as is known to have happened elsewhere on milestones on this route. Other milestones surviving on this particular turnpike route include milestones at Stokenchurch, dated 1744 (Grade ll); Loudwater, Chepping Wycombe, dated 1744 (Grade ll), Denham, known to have been at their current location from c1799 as shown on a map of that date. This milestone appears to be in a better state of repair than one approximately a mile to the east at Loudwater (listed Grade ll). HISTORY: From the late C17 to the mid C18 many turnpike trusts were established along roads connecting London with major provincial cities. Milestones became prevalent in the mid C18 when turnpike trusts were encouraged to provide such markers, the 1744 Turnpike Act supposedly making it compulsory on most turnpike roads. This milestone was perhaps set up in response to that statute, bearing as it does the inscribed date 1744. It stands on the road from Oxford to London. Milestones are notable as testaments to the development of the transport network. The early and mid C18 represent a significant phase in the development of the national road network, with the establishment of well maintained highways under the turnpike system becoming prevalent. Old maps show that the milestone was in its current location in 1876, which would indicate that it has not moved in the past 150 years. SOURCES: Wright, Geoffrey N: Turnpike Roads, Shire publications, 1992.
REASONS FOR DESIGNATION:
The milestone at Grid SU892915 on the London Road (A40) in High Wycombe is designated for the following principal reasons: - lt is of early date (inscribed 1744), probably placed as a consequence of the 1744 Turnpike Act requiring milestones on many established turnpike roads; - lt is a notable testament to the development of the national transport network, at an important and formative period in the history of road transportation; - lt is in good condition, with all inscriptions fully legible, and has been in the same location since 1876 at least; - lt forms part of a group of similar or comparable C18 milestones along this same important route connecting Oxford to London (B2).
Milestone shown on OS Surveyor's draft 2-inch drawing (1814) and on 1-inch OS map (1835) on High Wycombe to Beaconsfield route. Inscription: 'London 27 UxBridge 12'. Also shown on 1825 Bryant' and 1788 Jeffereys' county maps. On 1885 OS 6-inch map - position marked and mileages recorded (B3).